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917. Are all persons operating in sectors identified in the Executive Order (E.O.) of August 9, 2021, “Blocking Property of Additional Persons Contributing to the Situation in Belarus,” blocked?
No. E.O. of August 9, 2021 authorizes the imposition of blocking sanctions on persons operating in certain identified sectors of the Belarus economy, including the defense and related materiel sector, security sector, energy sector, potassium chloride (potash) sector, tobacco products sector, construction sector, transportation sector, or any other sector of the Belarus economy as may be determined by the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State. The identification of a sector pursuant to E.O. of August 9, 2021 provides notice that persons operating in the identified sector risk exposure to sanctions; however, the identification of a sector does not automatically block all persons operating in that sector of the Belarus economy. Only persons...
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Designation criteria that refer to persons “operating in” sectors of targeted economies have been interpreted in vastly different ways by OFAC, but the fact that there are no secondary sanctions imposed on Belarus suggests that the “operating in” designation criterion may, as is the case with Venezuela-related EO 13850, be used as a sort of secondary sanctions mechanism. This, however, remains to be seen, and is relatively rare. See General Note on "Sectoral Sanctions" and Determinations Made Pursuant to EOs Providing for the Blocking of Persons Determined to "Operate In" a Certain Sector.
This is a non-standard FAQ. On one hand, the FAQ states the obvious (that designations pursuant to the "operating in" criteria require affirmative determinations apart from the issuance of the EO). On the other hand, OFAC states that "[t]he identification...