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May 8, 2014
The Honorable Susan G. Braden
The United States Court of Federal Claims
Howard T. Markey National Courts Building
717 Madison Place, NW
Washington, DC 20439
Re: Preliminary Injunction in Space Exploration Technologies Corp. v. United States,
No. 14-354C (Fed. CL)
Dear Judge Braden:
At your request, I am providing this opinion concerning the preliminary injunction the United States Court of Federal Claims issued in the above-captioned matter on April 30, 2014. I write to explain this office's views concerning the application of sanctions administered under Executive Order 13661 of March 16, 2014, to ce1iain individuals and entities referenced in the Court's order.
I understand that, among other things, the preliminary injunction prohibits the United States Air Force and United Launch Services, LLC, a majority-owned subsidiary...
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1) Context of correspondence is an injunction issued by a U.S. court (see attached PDF) against a U.S. company dealing with a Russian company purported to be controlled by an SDN, but where there was no allegation of ownership. As with other ordinary IEEPA-based programs, the relevant EO contained designation criteria allowing for the blocking of "persons determined by the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State...to be owned or controlled by, or to have acted or purported to act for or on behalf of, directly or indirectly... a person whose property and interests in property are blocked pursuant to [EO 13661]." As OFAC notes, however, this takes effect only upon an affirmative determination, rather than by operation of law. See General Note on the Distinction...